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The Basics of Fiber Optics Theory
Fiber optics provides a high speed and efficient medium for
communication services. Things have been going great for this
industry and with fiber optics capacity and capability to handle
more load and demand a lot is in store for better and bigger
industry applications. It becomes worthwhile to take a look and
discover some things about fiber optics theory, and why it has grown
so popular in the recent years not only in the said industry, but on
other major industries as well.
Fiber Optics Theory Its Composition
Fiber optics can be made of either glass or plastic, but plastic
fibers tend to have higher attenuation and lower bandwidths that
their glass counterparts. That is why the glass fibers are the
preferred material of choice and have gained the approval of
industries demanding for such high quality.
Fiber optics is made up of 3 components: a.) the pure solid core
glass, b.) its cladding and c.) its jacket. The glass core is where
the light travels through, the cladding portion makes it possible to
reflect back the light to the core during transmission, and the
outer coating of this fiber optics ensures that the inner layers are
well protected.
Usually the outermost coating is of dual layer composition. The
innermost layer cushions the fiber, while the outermost portion
protects the fiber during cabling, installation and termination
activities.
Fiber Optics Theory on Communications System
There are 3 elements involved here: a.) the light source, b.) the
fiber media and c.) the light detector.
The light sources mainly used are LED (Light-Emitting Diode), and
ILD (Injection Laser Diode). These are both directly modulated by
varying the input current. The choice of which to use between the
two involves the consideration of the application where it will be
used, and the costs involved.
The fiber media is usually made of a pure glass for better and
efficient handling of light for communication purposes. With this,
there will be less losses of light and communication will be carried
out to longer lines.
Detectors are the receiving end of a fiber optic link. These emit
electrons when light of short wavelengths gives illumination to
these detectors thereby generating electric signals.
Fiber Optics Theory on Total Internal Reflection
This fiber optics theory involves the concepts of reflection and
refraction. And with this phenomenon of total internal reflection in
fiber optics, the light from the pure glass core (a more dense
medium), is reflected back into the core by the cladding (the lesser
dense medium). This ensures the light beams are focused with
negligible losses when it travels along the fiber optics lines.
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